МОСКВА, 5 апреля 2019 г. Всероссийский центр изучения общественного мнения (ВЦИОМ) представляет данные исследования, посвященного теме гендерного равенства.
В некоторых сферах равноправие полов в российском обществе стало менее ощутимым. В первую очередь респонденты отмечают неравенство прав в получении зарплаты в соответствии с количеством и качеством труда: 29% опрошенных утверждают, что у мужчин в этом вопросе прав больше, причем эта доля выросла на 9 п.п. с 2015 г., а среди женщин эта доля достигает 35%. О равенстве прав на получение зарплаты говорят 62% россиян (против 75% в 2015 г.). Негативная динамика также заметна в вопросе о праве работать по профессии: четверть участников опроса (24%) считают, что у мужчин прав больше (против 19% в 2015 г.), а о равноправии говорят две трети (66%) опрошенных (против 76% в 2015 г.).
Каждый пятый (21%) респондент полагает, что в возможности участвовать в общественной и политической жизни у мужчин прав больше, чем у женщин. Три четверти (74%) опрошенных считают, что права в этом вопросе равны как у мужчин, так и у женщин. По убеждению трех четвертей россиян (75%), представители обоих полов обладают абсолютно одинаковыми правами на отдых. Но чаще всего говорят о равноправии мужчин и женщин в получении образования – 92% (в 2006 г. – 80%).
По мнению 78% наших сограждан, на мужчин возлагается больше обязанностей в вопросе защиты страны от внешних угроз. Каждый второй (50%) опрошенный считает, что в выполнении хозяйственных дел по дому обязанностей больше у женщин (62% среди женщин и 35% среди мужчин), хотя 42% респондентов утверждают, что и у мужчин, и у женщин в этом вопросе равные обязанности (54% среди мужчин и 33% среди женщин). Финансовое обеспечение семьи, по мнению 53% россиян, лежит на плечах мужчин, а 36% опрошенных говорят, что обязанности равны. Кроме того, в современной России 51% участников опроса считают, что у мужчин и женщин равные права в вопросе воспитания детей (58% среди мужчин и 45% среди женщин). Тем не менее, 47% наших сограждан сказали, что в воспитании детей у женщин обязанностей больше (54% среди женщин и 38% среди мужчин).
Подробнее с результатами исследования можно ознакомиться <link https: wciom.ru fileadmin file reports_conferences external-link-new-window external link in new>в презентации.
GENDER EQUALITY IN RUSSIA: MYTH OR REALITY?
According to Russians, unequal rights can be found in the labor market.
MOSCOW, April 5, 2019. Russian Public Opinion Research Center (VCIOM) presents the data of a study devoted to gender equality.
In modern Russia in certain spheres gender equality is less pronounced than before. First and foremost, men and women have unequal rights when they receive salaries on the basis of the quality and quantity of work performed: 29% of respondents say that men have more rights in this issue (an increase from 9 p.p. since 2015); 35% of women share this stance. Sixty-two percent of Russians say that men and women have equal rights to equal pay (vs 75% in 2015). Right to work according to profession has seen a negative trend: one quarter (24%) say that men have more rights (vs 19% in 2015); two-thirds (66%) point to equal rights (vs 76% in 2015).
Every fifth respondent (21%) says that men have more rights to participate in public and political life. Three quarters (74%) say that men and women have equal rights in this issue. Seventy-five percent of Russians consider that both men and women have equal right to rest. The majority of respondents point to equal rights in education– 92% (80% in 2006).
According to 78% of Russians, men have much more responsibilities when it comes to defense against external threats. Every second respondent (50%) believes that women have more responsibilities related to household chores (62% of women and 35% of men), although 42% of respondents say that men and women have equal duties in this issue (54% of men and 33% of women). As to financial provision, 53% of Russians consider that men are in charge of that, whereas 36% say that the gender responsibilities are equal. In addition, 51% of respondents think that men and women have equal rights in parenting (58% of men and 45% of women). However, 47% say that women have more responsibilities in child upbringing (54% of women and 38% of men).
VCIOM-Sputnik survey was conducted on March 10, 2019. The survey involved 1,600 Russians aged 18 and over. The survey was telephone-based and was carried out using stratified dual-frame random sample based on a complete list of landline and mobile phone numbers operating in Russia. The data were weighted according to selection probability and social and demographic characteristics. The margin of error at a 95% confidence level does not exceed 2.5%. In addition to sampling error, minor changes in question wording and different circumstances arising during the fieldwork can introduce bias into the survey.
In your opinion, do men and women have equal rights in different spheres of life in modern Russia? (closed-ended question, one answer per line, % of total respondents) 1.Right to education |
| Equal rights | Men have more rights | Women have more rights | Don’t know |
2019 | 92 | 4 | 3 | 1 |
2015 | 90 | 6 | 2 | 2 |
2006 | 80 | 15 | 2 | 3 |
| | | | | |
| In your opinion, do men and women have equal rights in different spheres of life in modern Russia? (closed-ended question, one answer per line, % of total respondents) 2. Right to work according to profession |
| | Equal rights | Men have more rights | Women have more rights | Don’t know |
| 2019 | 66 | 24 | 5 | 5 |
| 2015 | 76 | 19 | 2 | 3 |
| 2006 | 48 | 46 | 3 | 3 |
| | | | | | | | | |
In your opinion, do men and women have equal rights in different spheres of life in modern Russia? (closed-ended question, one answer per line, % of total respondents) 3. Right to rest and leisure |
| Equal rights | Men have more rights | Women have more rights | Don’t know |
2019 | 75 | 15 | 5 | 5 |
2015 | 76 | 17 | 4 | 3 |
2006 | 56 | 36 | 4 | 4 |
In your opinion, do men and women have equal rights in different spheres of life in modern Russia? (closed-ended question, one answer per line, % of total respondents) 4. To get salary on the basis of the quality and quantity of the work |
| Equal rights | Men have more rights | Women have more rights | Don’t know |
2019 | 62 | 29 | 2 | 7 |
2015 | 75 | 20 | 2 | 3 |
2006 | 47 | 46 | 3 | 4 |
In your opinion, do men and women have equal rights in different spheres of life in modern Russia? (closed-ended question, one answer per line, % of total respondents) 5. Opportunity to participate in public and political life |
| Equal rights | Men have more rights | Women have more rights | Don’t know |
2019 | 74 | 21 | 2 | 3 |
2015 | 74 | 19 | 2 | 5 |
2006 | 48 | 44 | 2 | 6 |
In your opinion, do men and women have equal responsibilities in different spheres of life in modern Russia? (closed-ended question, one answer, % of total respondents) |
| Defense against external threats | Household chores | Financial provision | Upbringing of children |
Men and women have equal responsibilities | 19 | 42 | 36 | 51 |
Men have more responsibilities | 78 | 5 | 53 | 2 |
Women have more responsibilities | 1 | 50 | 7 | 47 |
Don’t know | 2 | 3 | 4 | 0 |
Note: Using materials from the site www.wciom.ru or wciom.com, as well as distributed by VCIOM, the reference to the source (or hyperlink for the electronic media) is obligatory!
